药理学练习卷（附答案）

什么是药物耐受性？

1. A反复使用后反应减弱，因此需要更大剂量
2. B对药物的过敏反应
3. C服用药物而完全不产生任何副作用的能力
4. D每次服药反应都更强

左旋多巴主要用于治疗哪种疾病？

1. A癫痫
2. B帕金森病
3. C多发性硬化
4. D阿尔茨海默病

昂丹司琼主要用于治疗：

1. A便秘
2. B细菌感染
3. C恶心和呕吐
4. D高血压

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AIntramuscular adrenaline
2. BGlucagon by injection or nasal spray
3. COral glucose gel poured into the mouth
4. DRapid-acting insulin under the skin

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. ADarker stools than usual
2. BPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon
3. CA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
4. DMild tiredness in the first few days

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given
2. BStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
3. CGive the pill and check the chart afterwards
4. DReassure the patient and give the pill anyway

某药的分布容积非常大（例如成人为 500 L）。这说明什么？

1. A药物几乎完全停留在血浆隔室中
2. B药物被组织大量摄取
3. C药物被肾脏快速排泄
4. D药物不能静脉给药

A teenager took a large overdose of diphenhydramine. He is agitated, hot, flushed and confused, with dry skin, dilated pupils and a full bladder. What is this pattern?

1. AAnticholinergic toxidrome
2. BOpioid toxidrome
3. CCholinergic toxidrome
4. DSerotonin syndrome