药理学练习卷（附答案）

How does rasagiline help in Parkinson's disease?

1. AIt blocks acetylcholine receptors in the gut
2. BIt inhibits MAO-B, so brain dopamine is broken down more slowly
3. CIt is converted directly into dopamine inside brain neurones
4. DIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain

Ciclosporin and tacrolimus are used mainly to:

1. ALower high blood cholesterol
2. BTreat bacterial infections after surgery
3. CRelieve acute pain after surgery
4. DPrevent rejection of transplanted organs

Giving a patient immunoglobulin after exposure to an infection provides which type of immunity?

1. APassive immunity
2. BInnate immunity
3. CActive immunity
4. DHerd immunity

Why is hypovolaemia corrected with IV fluids before or while starting a vasopressor?

1. AVasopressors only work when they are diluted in large fluid volumes
2. BVasopressors cannot keep perfusion up if the circulation is under-filled
3. CFluids stop the vasopressor causing a fever
4. DVasopressors cause the patient to retain too much fluid

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
2. BOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer
3. CLower doses are cheaper for older patients
4. DOlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach

为什么长期口服的糖皮质激素不应突然停药？

1. A肾上腺受到抑制，可能无法产生足够的皮质醇
2. B免疫系统会立即攻击肝脏和肾上腺
3. C停药时药物会形成有毒代谢物
4. D停药会使血糖突然升高

由于肾衰竭，某药的清除率降为原来的一半，而分布容积不变。其半衰期会怎样？

1. A减半
2. B加倍
3. C保持不变
4. D增加到四倍

哪种性质使药物更容易通过血脑屏障？

1. A生理 pH 下带正电荷
2. B高水溶性和强电离
3. C大分子量和强蛋白结合
4. D高脂溶性和小分子