ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

Where is urea, measured as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), made?

1. AIn the bone marrow, from old red blood cells
2. BIn the muscles, from the breakdown of creatine
3. CIn the liver, from the breakdown of protein
4. DIn the kidneys, from the breakdown of glucose

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe nervous system
2. BThe skeleton
3. CThe skin and hair
4. DThe eyes only

أي تغير في تخطيط كهربية القلب نموذجي لنقص بوتاسيوم الدم؟

1. Aموجات T عالية مدببة ومركب QRS عريض
2. Bتسطح الموجات T وبروز الموجات U
3. Cموجات دلتا وفاصل PR قصير
4. Dارتفاع ST في اشتقاقين متجاورين أو أكثر

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

1. AClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
2. BFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
3. CCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
4. DCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup

A woman who is 30 weeks pregnant has a new blood pressure of 152/98 mm Hg. Which urine finding would most support preeclampsia?

1. AGlucose in the urine
2. BNitrites in the urine
3. CKetones in the urine
4. DProtein in the urine

A patient with hyperkalemia received IV regular insulin with dextrose. Which result must the nurse monitor closely over the next hours?

1. ASerum calcium, because it falls sharply
2. BSerum sodium, because it rises quickly
3. CHemoglobin, because insulin causes red cell loss
4. DBlood glucose, because hypoglycemia can occur

A patient's results: sodium 140 mEq/L, chloride 100 mEq/L, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L. What is the anion gap, and what does it suggest?

1. A52 mEq/L, a very high anion gap
2. B40 mEq/L, a high anion gap
3. C28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
4. D12 mEq/L, a normal anion gap

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?

1. AMalignant ascites from cancer
2. BSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
3. CNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis
4. DBleeding into the abdominal cavity