ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي للكالسيوم الكلي في المصل لدى البالغين؟

1. Aنحو 8,5–10,5 mg/dL (2,1–2,6 mmol/L)
2. Bنحو 1,3–2,1 mg/dL (0,3–0,5 mmol/L)
3. Cنحو 3,5–5,0 mg/dL (0,87–1,25 mmol/L)
4. Dنحو 12–16 mg/dL (3,0–4,0 mmol/L)

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
2. BThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
3. CThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
4. DThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. AAbout half
2. BAlmost none
3. CNearly all
4. DAbout one tenth

A patient with sepsis has a lactate of 2,1 mmol/L on admission and 4,3 mmol/L two hours later, despite IV fluids. What does this suggest?

1. AExpected muscle activity from shivering in fever
2. BA normal response to IV fluids in the first hours
3. CWorsening tissue perfusion that needs urgent reporting
4. DImproving circulation as the fluids start to work

بدأ مريض يتناول الوارفارين تناول كميات كبيرة يوميًا من اللفت الأخضر والسبانخ، وانخفض INR لديه. ما النصيحة الأنسب؟

1. Aعدم تناول الخضروات الخضراء مرة أخرى أبدًا
2. Bمضاعفة جرعة الوارفارين دون إخبار الواصف
3. Cالحفاظ على ثبات تناول الأطعمة الغنية بفيتامين K من يوم إلى آخر
4. Dإيقاف الوارفارين إلى أن يعود النظام الغذائي طبيعيًا

A patient had a right mastectomy with removal of axillary lymph nodes. Where is the best place to draw blood?

1. AThe right hand
2. BEither arm equally
3. CThe left arm
4. DThe right arm

The nurse teaches a patient with chronic kidney disease about a potassium-restricted diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check food labels and ask my dietitian about portion sizes"
2. B"I'll limit bananas, oranges and potatoes in my meals"
3. C"Dried apricots and raisins will be a good snack for me now"
4. D"I can leach potatoes by soaking them before cooking them"

A patient has fever, chills, flank pain and costovertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis shows many white cells and white cell casts. Which condition is most likely?

1. AGlomerulonephritis
2. BSimple cystitis
3. CAcute pyelonephritis
4. DNephrotic syndrome