ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 50 mL
2. BAbout 5 litres
3. CAbout 1,5 litres
4. DAbout 500 mL

Which muscle does most of the work of quiet breathing?

1. AThe trapezius
2. BThe abdominal muscles
3. CThe sternocleidomastoid
4. DThe diaphragm

How is most oxygen carried in the blood?

1. ABound to albumin and other plasma proteins
2. BCarried as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
3. CDissolved freely in the plasma water
4. DBound to haemoglobin in red blood cells

A patient with a long QT interval develops a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that twists around the baseline but still has a pulse. Which drug is used first?

1. AIntravenous adenosine
2. BIntravenous potassium chloride as a bolus
3. CIntravenous magnesium sulfate
4. DOral digoxin

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. AQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device
2. BThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth
3. CSeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths
4. DSlowly and gently over about ten seconds

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ABoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
2. BSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
3. CThe order makes no difference to either drug
4. DSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards

An older inpatient develops sudden fever, muscle aches and a dry cough during the winter influenza season. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AWait a week to see whether the symptoms settle before testing
2. BIsolate with droplet precautions, test and expect early antivirals
3. CLeave them in the open bay and give a course of antibiotics only
4. DIsolate only if they develop a rash

انسحب مفجّر صدر المريض عرضيًا. ما الإجراء الفوري؟

1. Aأن يُطلب من المريض السعال بقوة لتمديد الرئة
2. Bدفع المفجّر عائدًا إلى الصدر وتثبيته بلاصق
3. Cترك الفتحة مكشوفة ليخرج الهواء المحتبس
4. Dإغلاق الموضع بضماد معقم مانع للهواء وطلب المساعدة