ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
2. BThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
3. CThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
4. DThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected

What is the correct first aid for an adult with a nosebleed?

1. ATilt the head back and pinch the bony bridge of the nose firmly
2. BLie flat on the back with the head turned to one side for an hour
3. CSit forward and pinch the soft part of the nose for 10–15 minutes
4. DBlow the nose hard to clear the clots

How should glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) sublingual tablets be stored?

1. AIn their original container, away from heat and light
2. BIn direct sunlight on the windowsill
3. CIn the fridge, mixed in one bottle with their other tablets
4. DLoose in a pocket or a plastic pill box for easy access

Why are IV fluids given cautiously to a patient with heart failure?

1. AIV fluids directly damage the heart valves
2. BExtra volume can quickly cause pulmonary oedema
3. CIV fluids lower the blood pressure dangerously
4. DIV fluids stop diuretics from being absorbed

أيّ عبارة عن الحجرة الفاصلة (spacer) للمنشق ذي الجرعة المقيسة صحيحة؟

1. Aتجعل كل بخة من الدواء أقوى من المعتاد
2. Bتعني أنه يمكن إيقاف منشق الستيرويد الوقائي تمامًا
3. Cتلزم تنسيق أقل، ويصل دواء أكثر إلى الرئتين
4. Dصُممت لاستخدامها مع المنشقات ذات المسحوق الجاف

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. AThe patient sitting upright in a chair
2. BA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute
3. CCold hands with poor peripheral circulation
4. DThe patient having eaten recently

As the defibrillator charges, a nurse sees a colleague still holding the patient's bed rail. What should the nurse do?

1. ACall clearly for everyone to stand clear and check before the shock
2. BTurn off the defibrillator and start a new cycle of CPR
3. CAsk the colleague to hold the patient's hand instead
4. DDeliver the shock now, as the bed rail is not part of the patient

مريض يتناول الدابيغاتران لديه نزف هضمي خطير. أيّ عامل عكس نوعي يمكن استخدامه؟

1. Aكبريتات البروتامين
2. Bحمض الترانيكساميك وحده
3. Cإيداروسيزوماب
4. Dالفيتومينادايون (فيتامين K)