ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What is an aneurysm?

1. AAn abnormal bulging of a weakened artery wall
2. BA complete blockage of an artery by plaque
3. CA tear in the inner lining of a vein
4. DA blood clot in a deep vein

Which examination findings are typical of a large pleural effusion?

1. AHyper-resonance and a loud wheeze over the affected side
2. BCoarse crackles that clear on coughing
3. CDullness to percussion and reduced breath sounds
4. DNormal percussion and bronchial breathing

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

1. APericardiocentesis
2. BBronchoscopy
3. CCardioversion
4. DThoracentesis (pleural tap)

A patient has just started an ACE inhibitor. Which blood tests are usually checked within the first one to two weeks?

1. APotassium and creatinine
2. BINR and platelet count
3. CTroponin and creatine kinase
4. DLiver enzymes and amylase

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo keep the pads from burning the skin
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo make the shock less painful for the patient
4. DTo allow the use of a lower battery charge

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
2. BIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
3. CIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
4. DIt turns the statin into a blood thinner

A patient with a confirmed type A aortic dissection is hypertensive and tachycardic while awaiting surgery. Which drug class is usually given first to lower the heart rate and blood pressure?

1. AAn intravenous beta-blocker
2. BAn intravenous fluid bolus
3. CAn intravenous thrombolytic
4. DOral aspirin

مريض مصاب بقصور القلب يعاني ضيق نفس في الراحة مع أطراف باردة وضغط انقباضي 80 mmHg وانخفاض في إدرار البول. ماذا يوحي ذلك؟

1. Aصدمة قلبية المنشأ مع ضعف تروية الأنسجة
2. Bقصور قلب مزمن مستقر ومعوَّض جيدًا
3. Cجفاف خفيف ستصححه السوائل الفموية
4. Dقلق يسبب استجابة مبهمية وعائية