ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

1. ALung cancer
2. BPneumothorax
3. CAsthma
4. DEmphysema

Which colour change is typical of Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AThe whole arm turns pale and then black
2. BFingers turn yellow, then green, then brown
3. CFingers stay red and hot for several days
4. DFingers turn white, then blue, then red

Which symptom should a patient taking a statin report promptly?

1. AA brief headache on the first day
2. BSlightly darker morning urine
3. CMild hunger before meals
4. DUnexplained muscle pain or weakness

Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?

1. AHypovolaemic shock
2. BObstructive shock
3. CDistributive shock
4. DCardiogenic shock

ضغط دم مريض 200/125 mmHg مع تشوش جديد وتشوش الرؤية. كيف يُخفَّض عادةً؟

1. Aلا يُخفَّض إطلاقًا، لأن الدماغ يعتمد الآن على الضغط المرتفع
2. Bبقرص فموي جديد ومراجعة بعد أسبوع
3. Cبأدوية وريدية متدرجة الجرعة، بنسبة تصل إلى نحو 25% في الساعة الأولى
4. Dبأسرع ما يمكن، إلى قيمة طبيعية خلال دقائق

Why should a long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) never be used alone in asthma?

1. AIt always causes immediate severe bronchospasm when used on its own
2. BIt works only when it is taken together with a course of antibiotics
3. CWithout an inhaled steroid, it is linked with severe and fatal attacks
4. DIt cannot be inhaled without a nebuliser

A one-way speaking valve is fitted to a patient's tracheostomy tube while the cuff is still inflated. What is the danger?

1. AThe patient cannot breathe out and may suffocate
2. BThe patient will speak too loudly
3. CThe valve will humidify the air too much
4. DThere is no danger, as the valve works with any cuff

A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?

1. AGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
2. BTake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
3. CDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported
4. DWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic