ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected
2. BThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
3. CThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
4. DAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange

What is the normal PR interval on an adult ECG?

1. A1,0–1,2 seconds
2. B0,12–0,20 seconds
3. C0,40–0,60 seconds
4. D0,02–0,06 seconds

What is bronchiectasis?

1. AA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment
2. BDestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
3. CPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
4. DA tumour of the main bronchus

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. AAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
2. BAvoid walking until the stitches are removed
3. CLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest
4. DSleep only on the stomach to protect the wound

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
2. BHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
3. CHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
4. DHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone
2. BStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
3. CStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
4. DWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly

A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
2. B"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."
3. C"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
4. D"I will have regular INR blood tests."

مسنّ عمره 82 عامًا مصاب بالتهاب رئوي مكتسب من المجتمع، مشوَّش حديثًا، RR 32/min وBP 88/52 mmHg واليوريا 9 mmol/L. ماذا يدل ذلك؟

1. Aدرجة CURB-65 تساوي 3: إدخال روتيني إلى جناح عام فقط
2. Bاستجابة طبيعية للعدوى لدى كبير السن
3. Cدرجة CURB-65 تساوي 5: خطر مرتفع يتطلب مراجعة عاجلة من أخصائي كبير
4. Dدرجة CURB-65 تساوي 1: مناسب لمضادات حيوية فموية في المنزل