ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلى مع الإجابات

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
2. BThyroid cancer
3. CAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)
4. DToo much iodine in salt

What is sciatica?

1. APain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
2. BStiffness of the hips in the morning
3. CCramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
4. DPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root

What does dysarthria mean?

1. AInability to read or write after a brain injury
2. BLoss of the ability to understand spoken or written language
3. CUnclear speech caused by weak or poorly coordinated speech muscles
4. DDifficulty swallowing food and drink safely

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
2. BIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
3. CIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle
4. DIt is used only for a few days at a time

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
2. BAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
3. CInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
4. DUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen

Which nursing action helps most to prevent and manage delirium in an older inpatient?

1. AMove the patient to a different room each day for variety
2. BRestrain the patient so that they do not wander off the ward
3. CKeep the lights on all night so the patient can see clearly
4. DUse glasses and hearing aids and reorient the patient often

A nurse teaches a patient with CKD and a high potassium about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check food labels for added salt when I go shopping."
2. B"I will boil my potatoes and throw away the water."
3. C"I will keep bananas and dried fruit to a minimum."
4. D"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."

مريض يتلقى تغذية معوية مستمرة ليلًا ويحصل على إنسولين متزامن مع التغذية. عند الساعة 02:00 ينسد الأنبوب وتتوقف التغذية. ما الخطر الرئيسي، وماذا ينبغي أن تفعل الممرضة؟

1. Aفرط سكر الدم؛ تعطي جرعة إنسولين إضافية فورًا
2. Bلا خطر؛ سيُخزَّن الإنسولين ببساطة إلى أن تُستأنف التغذية
3. Cالحماض الكيتوني؛ توقف كل الإنسولين حتى الصباح
4. Dنقص سكر الدم؛ تفحص الغلوكوز كثيرًا وتتبع خطة التغطية بالغلوكوز