ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

Why is adrenaline (epinephrine) sometimes added to a local anaesthetic injection?

1. AIt constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood
2. BIt speeds up the removal of the anaesthetic from the tissue into the blood
3. CIt makes the anaesthetic act on the brain as well
4. DIt prevents allergic reactions to the anaesthetic

What is the normal serum potassium range in adults?

1. A3,5–5,0 mmol/L
2. B1,5–2,5 mmol/L
3. C6,0–7,5 mmol/L
4. D135–145 mmol/L

يُستخدم الليفودوبا أساسًا لعلاج أي مرض؟

1. Aداء باركنسون
2. Bالصرع
3. Cداء ألزهايمر
4. Dالتصلب المتعدد

A malnourished patient with alcohol dependence needs IV glucose. Which vitamin should be given before or with it?

1. AThiamine (vitamin B1)
2. BVitamin D
3. CVitamin C
4. DVitamin K (phytomenadione)

Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?

1. AIntravenous magnesium sulfate
2. BIntravenous adenosine (rapid push)
3. COral digoxin
4. DIntravenous verapamil

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AIntramuscular adrenaline
2. BGlucagon by injection or nasal spray
3. CRapid-acting insulin under the skin
4. DOral glucose gel poured into the mouth

Why is clavulanic acid combined with amoxicillin (co-amoxiclav)?

1. AIt makes amoxicillin cross the blood–brain barrier more easily
2. BIt slows the kidney excretion of amoxicillin
3. CIt reduces the risk of penicillin allergy
4. DIt inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes that would destroy amoxicillin

أي خاصية تجعل عبور الدواء للحاجز الدموي الدماغي أكثر احتمالًا؟

1. Aالذوبان العالي في الدهون وصغر الحجم
2. Bالذوبان العالي في الماء والتأين القوي
3. Cالوزن الجزيئي الكبير والارتباط القوي بالبروتين
4. Dالشحنة الموجبة عند pH الفيزيولوجي