ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile
2. BIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
3. CIt binds bile acids in the gut
4. DIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver

What is a "broad-spectrum" antibiotic?

1. AOne that also treats viral and fungal infections
2. BOne that is given only intravenously in hospital
3. COne that acts against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
4. DOne that is taken for a long time at low dose to prevent any infection

Which drug can be used in beta blocker overdose because it raises heart rate through a non-adrenergic pathway?

1. AGlucagon
2. BNaloxone
3. CInsulin
4. DFlumazenil

A woman taking the combined pill should seek care urgently for which symptom?

1. ALight spotting between periods early on
2. BA painful, swollen calf or sudden chest pain
3. CMild breast tenderness in the first month
4. DSlight nausea in the first few weeks

A patient with a fentanyl patch is given home-care advice. Which instruction is correct?

1. AApply each new patch over the same skin area
2. BCut the patch in half if the pain is mild
3. CThrow used patches loose into the household bin with the packaging
4. DAvoid heating pads, hot baths and saunas over or near the patch

Why is propranolol usually avoided in patients with asthma?

1. AIt causes tolerance to inhaled corticosteroids
2. BIt blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
3. CIt increases mucus production by blocking histamine
4. DIt stimulates alpha-1 receptors in the airways and raises blood pressure

In myxoedema coma, why is hydrocortisone often given before or with thyroid hormone?

1. AHydrocortisone prevents the hypoglycaemia caused by levothyroxine
2. BThyroid hormone can trigger adrenal crisis if cortisol is also low
3. CThyroid hormone is inactive unless hydrocortisone is given
4. DHydrocortisone makes thyroid hormone work faster

A patient on stable warfarin is prescribed a course of metronidazole. What is the likely effect, and what should the nurse expect?

1. AThe INR stays the same, as these drugs do not interact
2. BThe INR falls, so the risk of clotting increases
3. CMetronidazole replaces warfarin, so warfarin is stopped
4. DThe INR rises, so closer INR monitoring is needed