ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. ARelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
2. BIncreases testosterone production
3. CInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
4. DKills bacteria in the prostate

How does activated charcoal work in poisoning?

1. AIt binds (adsorbs) the poison in the gut so less is absorbed
2. BIt makes the patient vomit the poison before it is absorbed
3. CIt speeds up liver metabolism of the poison
4. DIt neutralises acids in the blood

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. AAntimuscarinic bronchodilators
2. BShort-acting beta-2 agonists
3. CLeukotriene receptor antagonists
4. DInhaled corticosteroids

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. AAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut
2. BNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
3. CBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
4. DA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener

After instilling eye drops, why should the patient press gently on the inner corner of the eye for a minute or two?

1. ATo spread the drop evenly over the eyelid
2. BTo reduce drainage into the nose and absorption into blood
3. CTo stop the eye from producing tears for about an hour
4. DTo make the pupil dilate faster

دواء يثبط إنزيم الكبد CYP3A4. ماذا قد يحدث لدواء ثانٍ يُستقلب أساسًا بواسطة CYP3A4؟

1. Aينخفض مستواه في البلازما فقد يتوقف عن العمل بالجرعة المعتادة
2. Bتطرحه الكليتان أسرع
3. Cيرتفع مستواه في البلازما فيزداد خطر الآثار الجانبية
4. Dلا شيء، لأن الإنزيمات لا تؤثر في الأدوية الأخرى

A heparin infusion contains 25,000 units in 500 mL. The order is 1,000 units per hour. What rate should be set on the pump?

1. A10 mL/h
2. B20 mL/h
3. C50 mL/h
4. D25 mL/h

A teenager took a large overdose of diphenhydramine. He is agitated, hot, flushed and confused, with dry skin, dilated pupils and a full bladder. What is this pattern?

1. AAnticholinergic toxidrome
2. BOpioid toxidrome
3. CSerotonin syndrome
4. DCholinergic toxidrome