ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of which hormone?

1. AInsulin
2. BAldosterone
3. COxytocin, the hormone of labour
4. DAntidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BFomepizole
3. CNaloxone
4. DAtropine

يُستخدم الأوندانسيترون أساسًا لعلاج:

1. Aارتفاع ضغط الدم
2. Bالإمساك
3. Cالغثيان والقيء
4. Dالعداوى البكتيرية

Which antihypertensive class can raise blood glucose and uric acid levels, sometimes triggering gout?

1. AThiazide diuretics
2. BAngiotensin II receptor blockers
3. CACE inhibitors
4. DAlpha-1 blockers

Why should loperamide usually be avoided in bloody diarrhoea with fever?

1. ALoperamide makes the bleeding worse by blocking platelets
2. BSlowing the gut may keep bacteria and toxins in the bowel longer
3. CLoperamide causes severe hypertension when there is an infection
4. DLoperamide is an antibiotic that causes resistance

During a rapid infusion of vancomycin, a patient develops flushing and a red rash on the face, neck and upper body. What is the most likely cause and action?

1. AAcute kidney failure; stop all IV fluids and antibiotics at once
2. BAn infusion reaction; stop or slow the infusion and inform the prescriber
3. CA sign that the infection is spreading; give a second dose
4. DA normal effect; increase the infusion rate to finish sooner

A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
2. BGive half the dose and observe for a reaction
3. CGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
4. DGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group

A patient with heart failure starts taking naproxen regularly for back pain. Why is this a concern?

1. ANSAIDs increase heart contractility too much
2. BNSAIDs block the absorption of furosemide completely
3. CNSAIDs lower potassium, which makes digoxin and diuretics fail
4. DNSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure