ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. ADissolve clots in the coronary arteries
2. BSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure
3. CIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure
4. DTreat high blood pressure at home

أي طريق إعطاء يتجنب استقلاب العبور الأول في الكبد؟

1. Aالمحلول الفموي
2. Bالأقراص الفموية
3. Cالوريدي
4. Dالتحميلة الموضوعة عاليًا في المستقيم

جرعة الباراسيتامول الزائدة تضر أساسًا أي عضو؟

1. Aالكبد
2. Bالرئتين
3. Cبطانة المعدة
4. Dالكليتين أولًا ثم القلب

Why is a spacer recommended with a metered-dose inhaler?

1. AIt doubles the dose of drug released by each puff of the inhaler
2. BIt removes the need to shake the inhaler
3. CMore drug reaches the lungs and less stays in the mouth
4. DIt turns the inhaler into a nebuliser

How can the absorption of oral iron be improved?

1. ATake it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach
2. BTake it at the same time as an antacid to protect the stomach
3. CTake it with a glass of milk
4. DTake it with a cup of strong tea

Why is hypovolaemia corrected with IV fluids before or while starting a vasopressor?

1. AVasopressors cause the patient to retain too much fluid
2. BVasopressors only work when they are diluted in large fluid volumes
3. CFluids stop the vasopressor causing a fever
4. DVasopressors cannot keep perfusion up if the circulation is under-filled

Why may omeprazole be avoided in a patient taking clopidogrel?

1. AIt speeds up kidney excretion of clopidogrel
2. BIt binds clopidogrel in the stomach and makes it insoluble
3. CIt increases clopidogrel absorption from the gut and causes bleeding
4. DIt inhibits CYP2C19, so less clopidogrel is converted to its active form

حجم توزع دواء كبير جدًا (مثلًا 500 L لدى البالغ). ماذا يشير ذلك؟

1. Aيُلتقط الدواء بكثافة في الأنسجة
2. Bلا يمكن إعطاء الدواء وريديًا
3. Cتطرح الكليتان الدواء بسرعة
4. Dيبقى الدواء تقريبًا كله في حيز البلازما