Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack

Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.

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1Practice problems

1.Human anatomyMedium

In which structure do sperm mature and get stored after leaving the testis?

  1. ASeminiferous tubules
  2. BProstate gland
  3. CSeminal vesicle
  4. DEpididymis
2.Human anatomyHard

In the femoral triangle, what is the order of the main structures from lateral to medial?

  1. AFemoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein
  2. BFemoral nerve, femoral vein, femoral artery
  3. CFemoral artery, femoral nerve, femoral vein
  4. DFemoral vein, femoral artery, femoral nerve
3.Human physiologyMedium

During contraction of a skeletal muscle sarcomere, which band stays the same length?

  1. AA band
  2. BH zone
  3. CI band
  4. DThe whole sarcomere
4.Human physiologyHard

Which combination of signs is expected in a patient in early hypovolaemic shock after major bleeding?

  1. ATachycardia, warm flushed skin and high urine output
  2. BTachycardia, cool pale skin and reduced urine output
  3. CBradycardia, cool pale skin and high urine output
  4. DBradycardia, warm flushed skin and high urine output

2Solutions

1.Human anatomy

Answer: D · Epididymis

Why this is the answer

Sperm are made in the seminiferous tubules and then mature and are stored in the epididymis before passing into the ductus deferens.

Answer

D · Epididymis
2.Human anatomy

Answer: A · Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein

Why this is the answer

From lateral to medial: nerve, artery, vein, then empty space and lymphatics (NAVEL). This is why the femoral artery pulse lies between the nerve and vein.

Answer

A · Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein
3.Human physiology

Answer: A · A band

Why this is the answer

In the sliding filament model, filaments slide past each other without shortening. The A band (myosin length) stays the same while the I band and H zone shorten.

Answer

A · A band
4.Human physiology

Answer: B · Tachycardia, cool pale skin and reduced urine output

Why this is the answer

Baroreceptor-driven sympathetic activation raises heart rate and constricts skin vessels. Reduced renal perfusion, ADH and aldosterone lower urine output.

Answer

B · Tachycardia, cool pale skin and reduced urine output

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