1.Human anatomyMedium
Which cranial nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?
- AAbducens nerve (VI)
- BOptic nerve (II)
- COculomotor nerve (III)
- DTrochlear nerve (IV)
Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack
Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
1Practice problems
2.Human anatomyHard
A patient cannot abduct the arm beyond about 15° after a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus, and has numbness over the lateral shoulder. Which nerve is most likely injured?
- ARadial nerve
- BLong thoracic nerve
- CSuprascapular nerve
- DAxillary nerve
3.Human physiologyMedium
Besides lowering glucose, insulin moves which ion into cells, an effect used to treat hyperkalaemia?
- ASodium
- BPotassium
- CChloride
- DCalcium
4.Human physiologyHard
Spirometry shows reduced FEV1 and reduced FVC, with a normal or high FEV1/FVC ratio. What pattern is this?
- AAn obstructive pattern, as in asthma
- BA normal result in an older adult
- CA restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
- DAn obstructive pattern, as in emphysema or chronic bronchitis
2Solutions
1.Human anatomy
Answer: A · Abducens nerve (VI)
Why this is the answer
The abducens nerve (VI) supplies lateral rectus. A lesion stops the eye moving outwards and causes horizontal double vision.
Answer
A · Abducens nerve (VI)
2.Human anatomy
Answer: D · Axillary nerve
Why this is the answer
The axillary nerve wraps around the surgical neck of the humerus. It supplies deltoid and teres minor and the skin over the lateral shoulder ("regimental badge" area).
Answer
D · Axillary nerve
3.Human physiology
Answer: B · Potassium
Why this is the answer
Insulin stimulates the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and shifts potassium into cells. Insulin with glucose is therefore used to lower dangerously high plasma potassium.
Answer
B · Potassium
4.Human physiology
Answer: C · A restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
Why this is the answer
In restrictive disease the lungs are small or stiff, so both FEV1 and FVC fall but the ratio is preserved. Obstruction lowers FEV1 more than FVC.
Answer
C · A restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
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