1.Human anatomyMedium
Which superficial vein in the front of the elbow is most often used for venepuncture?
- AGreat saphenous vein
- BMedian cubital vein
- CBrachial vein
- DAxillary vein
Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack
Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
1Practice problems
2.Human anatomyHard
After a stroke, a patient speaks fluently but uses meaningless words and cannot understand speech. Where is the lesion most likely to be?
- AInferior frontal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere
- BCerebellar hemisphere
- CPosterior superior temporal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere
- DPrecentral gyrus of the non-dominant hemisphere
3.Human physiologyMedium
What does the QRS complex on an ECG represent?
- AAtrial depolarisation
- BAtrial repolarisation
- CVentricular depolarisation
- DVentricular repolarisation
4.Human physiologyHard
Which mechanism mainly creates the concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney?
- AADH acting on the descending limb
- BSecretion of urea into the proximal tubule
- CGlomerular filtration
- DThe countercurrent multiplier of the loop of Henle
2Solutions
1.Human anatomy
Answer: B · Median cubital vein
Why this is the answer
The median cubital vein crosses the cubital fossa between the cephalic and basilic veins. It is superficial, large and fairly fixed, so it is easy to puncture.
Answer
B · Median cubital vein
2.Human anatomy
Answer: C · Posterior superior temporal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere
Why this is the answer
This is Wernicke's (receptive) aphasia, caused by damage to Wernicke's area in the posterior superior temporal gyrus. Broca's area in the inferior frontal gyrus causes non-fluent aphasia.
Answer
C · Posterior superior temporal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere
3.Human physiology
Answer: C · Ventricular depolarisation
Why this is the answer
The P wave is atrial depolarisation, the QRS complex ventricular depolarisation and the T wave ventricular repolarisation. Atrial repolarisation is hidden in the QRS.
Answer
C · Ventricular depolarisation
4.Human physiology
Answer: D · The countercurrent multiplier of the loop of Henle
Why this is the answer
The ascending limb actively transports NaCl into the interstitium without letting water follow, and the countercurrent flow multiplies this into a steep gradient that ADH then uses to concentrate urine.
Answer
D · The countercurrent multiplier of the loop of Henle
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