1.Human anatomyMedium
Which muscle group on the front of the thigh extends the knee?
- AAdductors
- BQuadriceps femoris
- CHamstrings
- DGluteal muscles
Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack
Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
1Practice problems
2.Human anatomyHard
Which structure passes through the inguinal canal in males?
- ASpermatic cord
- BFemoral artery
- CObturator nerve
- DGreat saphenous vein
3.Human physiologyMedium
Since action potentials are all-or-none, how does a neuron signal a stronger stimulus?
- ABy making each action potential larger
- BBy making each action potential longer
- CBy firing action potentials more often
- DBy changing the neurotransmitter it releases
4.Human physiologyHard
Which change shifts the oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
- ALower 2,3-BPG
- BHigher temperature
- CHigher pH
- DLower CO₂
2Solutions
1.Human anatomy
Answer: B · Quadriceps femoris
Why this is the answer
Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris and three vasti) extends the knee through the patellar ligament. The hamstrings flex it.
Answer
B · Quadriceps femoris
2.Human anatomy
Answer: A · Spermatic cord
Why this is the answer
The inguinal canal carries the spermatic cord in males and the round ligament in females. The femoral vessels pass below the inguinal ligament instead.
Answer
A · Spermatic cord
3.Human physiology
Answer: C · By firing action potentials more often
Why this is the answer
Stimulus strength is coded by the frequency of action potentials and by how many neurons are recruited, not by their amplitude.
Answer
C · By firing action potentials more often
4.Human physiology
Answer: B · Higher temperature
Why this is the answer
Higher temperature, CO₂, H⁺ (lower pH) and 2,3-BPG lower haemoglobin's affinity and shift the curve right, releasing more oxygen to active tissues.
Answer
B · Higher temperature
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