1.Human anatomyMedium
Which nerve supplies the diaphragm?
- APhrenic nerve
- BAccessory nerve
- CVagus nerve
- DIntercostal nerves
Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack
Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
1Practice problems
2.Human anatomyHard
A stroke affecting the left middle cerebral artery in a right-handed person most likely causes:
- ALeft-sided weakness and aphasia
- BIsolated loss of balance
- CRight-sided weakness and aphasia
- DRight-sided weakness and left visual neglect
3.Human physiologyMedium
Which protein forms the mesh that stabilises a blood clot?
- AAlbumin
- BFibrin
- CCollagen
- DThrombin
4.Human physiologyHard
What is the main reason the ventricles do not contract at the same moment as the atria?
- AThe SA node fires twice per beat
- BThe ventricles have a longer refractory period only
- CThe Purkinje fibres conduct slowly
- DConduction is delayed at the atrioventricular node
2Solutions
1.Human anatomy
Answer: A · Phrenic nerve
Why this is the answer
The phrenic nerve (roots C3–C5) is the motor supply to the diaphragm. High cervical cord injury above C3 therefore stops spontaneous breathing.
Answer
A · Phrenic nerve
2.Human anatomy
Answer: C · Right-sided weakness and aphasia
Why this is the answer
The left MCA supplies the left motor cortex (face and arm of the right side) and Broca's and Wernicke's areas, so right hemiparesis with aphasia is typical.
Answer
C · Right-sided weakness and aphasia
3.Human physiology
Answer: B · Fibrin
Why this is the answer
Thrombin converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin strands, which bind the platelet plug and trap red cells to form a stable clot.
Answer
B · Fibrin
4.Human physiology
Answer: D · Conduction is delayed at the atrioventricular node
Why this is the answer
The AV node conducts slowly (about 0.1 s delay), so atrial contraction completes ventricular filling before ventricular depolarisation begins.
Answer
D · Conduction is delayed at the atrioventricular node
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