Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack

Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.

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1Practice problems

1.Human anatomyMedium

Which is the largest nerve in the human body?

  1. AMedian nerve
  2. BSciatic nerve
  3. CFemoral nerve
  4. DVagus nerve
2.Human anatomyHard

In which part of the small intestine are vitamin B12 and bile salts mainly absorbed?

  1. ADuodenum
  2. BTerminal ileum
  3. CJejunum
  4. DCaecum
3.Human physiologyMedium

What is the normal pH range of arterial blood?

  1. A6.80 to 7.00
  2. B7.00 to 7.20
  3. C7.35 to 7.45
  4. D7.50 to 7.65
4.Human physiologyHard

Which substance's clearance is used as the gold standard to measure glomerular filtration rate?

  1. AUrea
  2. BInulin
  3. CGlucose
  4. DCreatinine

2Solutions

1.Human anatomy

Answer: B · Sciatic nerve

Why this is the answer

The sciatic nerve (L4–S3) leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen and supplies the hamstrings and all the muscles below the knee. Skin on the inner side of the leg is supplied by the saphenous nerve instead.

Answer

B · Sciatic nerve
2.Human anatomy

Answer: B · Terminal ileum

Why this is the answer

The terminal ileum absorbs vitamin B12 (bound to intrinsic factor) and reabsorbs bile salts. The duodenum mainly absorbs iron.

Answer

B · Terminal ileum
3.Human physiology

Answer: C · 7.35 to 7.45

Why this is the answer

Arterial pH is normally 7.35–7.45. Below 7.35 is acidaemia and above 7.45 alkalaemia.

Answer

C · 7.35 to 7.45
4.Human physiology

Answer: B · Inulin

Why this is the answer

Inulin is filtered freely and is not reabsorbed or secreted, so its clearance equals GFR exactly. Creatinine is slightly secreted, so it overestimates GFR a little.

Answer

B · Inulin

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