1.Human anatomyMedium
The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and which other muscle?
- ADeltoid
- BSubscapularis
- CTeres major
- DLatissimus dorsi
Anatomy and Physiology: cram pack
Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 4 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
1Practice problems
2.Human anatomyHard
A lesion of the left optic tract causes which visual field defect?
- ALeft homonymous hemianopia
- BRight homonymous hemianopia
- CBlindness in the left eye only
- DBitemporal hemianopia
3.Human physiologyMedium
Why can cardiac muscle not be tetanised like skeletal muscle?
- AIt is not striated
- BIt has no calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum
- CIts long refractory period lasts almost as long as the contraction
- DIt is controlled only by hormones
4.Human physiologyHard
Constriction of the efferent arteriole of a glomerulus, with the afferent arteriole unchanged, tends to:
- ALower glomerular capillary pressure and GFR
- BRaise glomerular capillary pressure and GFR
- CHave no effect on GFR at all
- DStop filtration completely
2Solutions
1.Human anatomy
Answer: B · Subscapularis
Why this is the answer
SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis. Teres major is close by but is not part of the cuff.
Answer
B · Subscapularis
2.Human anatomy
Answer: B · Right homonymous hemianopia
Why this is the answer
The left optic tract carries fibres from the left half of each retina, which see the right visual field. Its lesion causes loss of the right half of the field in both eyes.
Answer
B · Right homonymous hemianopia
3.Human physiology
Answer: C · Its long refractory period lasts almost as long as the contraction
Why this is the answer
The plateau of the cardiac action potential gives a long refractory period, so the muscle relaxes before it can be excited again. This allows the heart to refill.
Answer
C · Its long refractory period lasts almost as long as the contraction
4.Human physiology
Answer: B · Raise glomerular capillary pressure and GFR
Why this is the answer
Efferent constriction holds blood in the glomerulus, raising its pressure and GFR. Angiotensin II acts this way, which is why ACE inhibitors can lower GFR.
Answer
B · Raise glomerular capillary pressure and GFR
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