Introduction to Law: cram pack

A court will imply a term in fact into a commercial contract only if:

1. AIt is necessary for business efficacy or so obvious it goes without saying
2. BIt is usual in contracts in other industries
3. CIt would be reasonable and fair to both parties, even if it is not necessary
4. DIt would benefit the weaker party

Mutual mistake as to the existence of the subject matter (for example the goods no longer exist when contracting) usually makes the contract:

1. AFully valid, with the buyer bearing the risk
2. BVoid
3. CValid, with compensation set by the court
4. DVoidable at either party's option

A firefighter is injured by a heavy jack in an unsuitable lorry rushed to rescue a woman trapped under a vehicle. Under Watt v Hertfordshire CC, the fire authority was:

1. ANegligent, because it used an unsuitable vehicle
2. BNegligent, because firefighters must never take risks
3. CNot negligent, because saving life justified the risk
4. DStrictly liable for injuries to employees

A newspaper publishes that a model is attending Narcotics Anonymous, with details and photographs of her leaving a meeting. In Campbell v MGN, the House of Lords held:

1. APublishing the details and photographs was a misuse of private information
2. BOnly the fact of her addiction was private
3. CThere was no claim, because she had lied about drug use
4. DThere was no claim, because the photographs were taken on a public street in London

In Bellinger v Bellinger, the House of Lords could not read the marriage law to recognise a trans woman's marriage to a man, so it:

1. AMade a declaration of incompatibility
2. BRead the statute compatibly under section 3
3. CStruck down the relevant provision
4. DReferred the case to Strasbourg

The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 changed the office of Lord Chancellor so that:

1. AThe Lord Chancellor gained power to dismiss judges
2. BThe Lord Chancellor became President of the Supreme Court and head of the judiciary in England
3. CThe office was abolished completely
4. DThe Lord Chief Justice, not the Lord Chancellor, is head of the judiciary in England and Wales

Involuntary intoxication can be a defence when:

1. AThe defendant was less inhibited but still formed intent
2. BThe offence is a strict liability offence
3. CThe defendant chose to drink heavily
4. DIt meant the defendant lacked the required mens rea

In R v Cunningham (1957), D tore a gas meter off a wall to steal money; gas leaked and poisoned a neighbour. The court held "maliciously" means:

1. AActing with wickedness or ill will towards the victim, as in ordinary usage
2. BFailing to notice a risk an ordinary person would see
3. CIntending the harm or foreseeing the risk of it and taking it anyway
4. DActing in a way that is against the law

If a member state does not comply with a Court judgment finding an infringement, under Article 260(2) TFEU the Court can:

1. AImpose a lump sum or penalty payment on the state
2. BAnnul the conflicting national law itself
3. CExpel the state from the EU
4. DSuspend the state's voting rights in the Council

In Centros (1999), a Danish couple registered a company in the UK to avoid Danish minimum capital rules and sought to open a branch in Denmark. The Court held:

1. AThe UK was required to dissolve the company
2. BCompanies have no right of establishment under EU law
3. CDenmark could refuse because the company was set up to avoid Danish law
4. DRefusing to register the branch breached the freedom of establishment