Introduction to Law: cram pack

A promises to keep an offer open until Friday. On Thursday, B hears from a reliable third party that A has sold the property to someone else. Under Dickinson v Dodds:

1. AB can sue A for breaking the promise to keep it open
2. BThe offer has been revoked, so B can no longer accept
3. CThe offer stays open until Friday, as A promised
4. DB can accept and claim the property from the new buyer

Specific performance is usually ordered when:

1. ADamages would be an inadequate remedy, for example for unique goods or land
2. BThe claimant asks for it in any case
3. CThe contract involves personal services, such as employment or performance contracts
4. DThe defendant has no money

Under Froom v Butcher, if wearing a seatbelt would have prevented a car passenger's injuries entirely, damages are usually reduced by:

1. A25%
2. B10%
3. C75%
4. D50%

A surveyor values a modest house for a mortgage lender, knowing the buyer will rely on it. The report is negligent and contains a disclaimer. In Smith v Eric S Bush, the House of Lords held:

1. AThe lender alone could sue the surveyor
2. BThe surveyor owed a duty to the buyer, and the disclaimer failed the reasonableness test
3. CThe disclaimer excluded all liability to the buyer
4. DThe surveyor owed no duty, because the buyer was not the client who commissioned the report

In R v Bow Street Magistrate, ex p Pinochet (No 2), the House of Lords set aside its own earlier decision because:

1. AOne judge had links to a charity that was a party to the case
2. BThe case had been heard in private
3. CPinochet had not been given a lawyer of his own choice at the hearing
4. DThe judges had made a legal mistake

Walter Bagehot described the "efficient secret" of the English constitution as:

1. AThe strict separation of all three powers
2. BThe independence of the House of Lords
3. CThe close union of the executive and legislative powers
4. DThe monarch's power to veto legislation

D and V are playing a properly organised rugby match. D tackles V within the rules and V breaks a leg. D is most likely:

1. ALiable for battery, because consent is never a defence to serious bodily harm
2. BLiable, because rugby is not a recognised sport
3. CLiable for GBH, because a serious injury was caused
4. DNot liable, because players consent to injuries within the rules of the game

In "Thabo Meli v R", the defendants beat the victim, believed him dead and threw him off a cliff, where he died of exposure. The court held:

1. AThere was no murder because the mens rea existed only before the act that actually caused death
2. BThe defendants were guilty only of attempted murder
3. CThe victim's death was not caused by the defendants
4. DThe series of acts formed one transaction, so actus reus and mens rea coincided

In Commission v Ireland ("Buy Irish", 1982), a campaign promoting Irish products breached Article 34 because:

1. AIt was a state-supported measure capable of influencing traders to prefer domestic goods
2. BIt set quotas on goods from other member states
3. CIt was run by private companies without state involvement
4. DIt imposed a charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty on goods imported from other member states

The CILFIT criteria describe when a court of last instance does NOT have to make a preliminary reference, for example when:

1. AThe correct interpretation is so obvious as to leave no scope for reasonable doubt (acte clair)
2. BThe parties prefer not to refer
3. CThe question is politically sensitive and the government has formally asked the court not to refer it
4. DThe case is urgent for the government