उत्तरों सहित प्रयोगशाला मान और इलेक्ट्रोलाइट वर्कशीट

What is a main role of albumin in the blood?

1. AIt forms the mesh that holds a blood clot together
2. BIt holds fluid in the vessels by oncotic pressure
3. CIt fights bacteria by engulfing them in the blood
4. DIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AA mild viral cold
2. BAcute bacterial infection
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
4. DHay fever and asthma

What does normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) look like?

1. ACloudy and yellow
2. BClear and colorless
3. CThick and green
4. DPink and bloody

A patient takes valproate (valproic acid) for epilepsy. Which tests are monitored regularly?

1. AThyroid function and serum calcium
2. BTroponin and B-type natriuretic peptide
3. CLiver function tests and platelet count
4. DSerum lithium and urine specific gravity

Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?

1. AFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique
2. BFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
3. CBoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
4. DAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed

A patient's potassium is unexpectedly 5.8 mEq/L. The sample was taken after the tourniquet was on for several minutes while the patient pumped their fist. What is the best interpretation?

1. AThe result may be falsely high and should be repeated with better technique
2. BFist pumping lowers potassium, so the true level is even higher
3. CTourniquet time affects only the glucose result, not the potassium
4. DThe result confirms true hyperkalemia and needs no further checking

A patient with sepsis has the following new results. Which set best shows organ dysfunction?

1. AWBC 11.5 × 10³/µL, potassium 4.2 mEq/L, albumin 3.8 g/dL
2. BPlatelets 70 × 10³/µL, creatinine doubled, bilirubin raised
3. CCalcium 9.4 mg/dL, phosphate 3.5 mg/dL, magnesium 1.9 mEq/L
4. DHemoglobin 12.5 g/dL, sodium 138 mEq/L, glucose 105 mg/dL

A patient's total calcium is 7.6 mg/dL and the albumin is 2.0 g/dL. Using the common correction (add 0.8 mg/dL for each 1 g/dL that albumin is below 4.0), what is the corrected calcium?

1. A6.0 mg/dL, well below the normal range
2. B7.6 mg/dL, below the normal range
3. C11.6 mg/dL, above the normal range
4. D9.2 mg/dL, within the normal range