उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

फ़्यूरोसेमाइड जैसे लूप डाइयूरेटिक से आम तौर पर कौन-सा इलेक्ट्रोलाइट घटता है?

1. Aबाइकार्बोनेट
2. Bपोटैशियम
3. Cआयरन
4. Dफ़ॉस्फ़ेट

चेस्ट ड्रेनेज यूनिट को कहाँ रखा जाना चाहिए?

1. Aसीधा खड़ा और छाती के स्तर से नीचे
2. Bबिस्तर के ऊपर लटकाकर, ताकि वह चूषण से निकासी करे
3. Cसीधा खड़ा और मरीज़ के कंधे के स्तर पर
4. Dजगह बचाने के लिए बिस्तर के नीचे करवट से

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

1. AAsthma
2. BLung cancer
3. CEmphysema
4. DPneumothorax

Why are IV fluids given cautiously to a patient with heart failure?

1. AExtra volume can quickly cause pulmonary oedema
2. BIV fluids directly damage the heart valves
3. CIV fluids stop diuretics from being absorbed
4. DIV fluids lower the blood pressure dangerously

A patient has a prosthetic heart valve. Which teaching best reduces the risk of infective endocarditis?

1. ATake a daily antibiotic tablet indefinitely
2. BKeep teeth and gums healthy with regular dental check-ups
3. CAvoid all physical exercise for the rest of their life
4. DAvoid eating dairy products and raw vegetables

Which energy-conservation advice is most useful for a patient with severe COPD?

1. ADo all the household tasks quickly in the morning to get them done
2. BHold the breath while lifting heavy objects
3. CSit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
4. DAvoid any activity at all, staying in a chair to save their energy

Four hours after cardiac surgery, the mediastinal drain, which had been draining steadily, suddenly stops. BP falls to 84/60 mmHg, the heart rate rises and the CVP climbs. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AFluid overload from intravenous fluids
2. BCardiac tamponade from a clotted drain
3. CNormal recovery, as the bleeding has stopped
4. DA tension pneumothorax on the left side

Four surgical patients need VTE prevention. For which patient is mechanical prophylaxis alone most appropriate?

1. AA patient after an uncomplicated knee replacement
2. BA patient with cancer having bowel surgery
3. CAn obese patient after hip surgery
4. DA patient who had a brain haemorrhage two days ago