उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

चेस्ट ड्रेन को पानी के नीचे की सील (अंडरवॉटर सील) से क्यों जोड़ा जाता है?

1. Aपानी बहते द्रव में से जीवाणुओं को छान देता है
2. Bपानी हवा और द्रव को बाहर निकलने देता है पर हवा को वापस भीतर जाने से रोकता है
3. Cपानी फेफड़ों तक पहुँचने वाली हवा को नम करता है
4. Dपानी सूजी हुई प्लूरल गुहा को ठंडक और राहत देता है

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AA high-pitched musical sound on expiration
2. BA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
3. CFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing
4. DA creaking, grating sound with each breath

कौन-सा आहार परिवर्तन रक्तचाप को सबसे अधिक घटाता है?

1. Aअधिक लाल मांस और कम ब्रेड
2. Bकम नमक और अधिक फल व सब्ज़ियाँ
3. Cअधिक कॉफ़ी और चीनी मिले फिज़ी पेय कम
4. Dअधिक फलों का रस और कम पानी

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

1. ATo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
2. BTo make the cough completely stop
3. CTo flush the bacteria out through the urine
4. DTo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
2. BIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
3. CIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
4. DIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways

A patient's ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) is 0.6. What does this suggest?

1. AA deep vein thrombosis
2. BStiff, calcified arteries that read falsely high
3. CNormal leg circulation
4. DSignificant peripheral arterial disease

Four hours after abdominal surgery, a patient's heart rate has risen from 84 to 122/min and they are restless and pale. BP is still 118/76 mmHg, and the surgical drain is filling with blood. What should the nurse conclude?

1. AThe patient is stable because the blood pressure is normal
2. BEarly haemorrhagic shock is likely, so escalate urgently
3. CThe drain is working well, so no action is needed
4. DThe tachycardia is from pain and needs only analgesia

A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADeep vein thrombosis
2. BCor pulmonale
3. CLeft ventricular failure
4. DAortic stenosis