उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

Which test is classically used to diagnose cystic fibrosis?

1. ATuberculin skin test
2. BPeak flow test
3. CD-dimer test
4. DSweat chloride test

What is an embolus?

1. AA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque
2. BA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
3. CA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
4. DA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture

What does the term "hypoxaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin in the blood
2. BA high level of carbon dioxide in the blood
3. CA low level of oxygen in the arterial blood
4. DA fast breathing rate with normal oxygen

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
2. BBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
3. CTake the average of ten blows after exercise
4. DTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests
2. BAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
3. CEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular
4. DProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks

उच्च रक्तचाप वाला मरीज़ एम्लोडिपिन लेता है। नर्स को कौन-सा दुष्प्रभाव सबसे अधिक दिखने की संभावना है?

1. Aटखनों की सूजन
2. Bसूखी, गुदगुदाने वाली खाँसी
3. Cघरघराहट
4. Dहाइपरकैलीमिया

During a cardiac arrest, the monitor shows an organised rhythm, but there is no pulse. What should the team do?

1. AStop CPR, because an organised rhythm on the monitor means recovery
2. BContinue CPR and give adrenaline (epinephrine), as the rhythm is non-shockable
3. CDeliver an unsynchronised shock at once and then check the pulse
4. DGive adenosine to slow the rhythm down

A patient with a confirmed pulmonary embolism has BP 78/50 mmHg despite fluids, and the right ventricle is dilated on echocardiography. Which treatment is most likely?

1. AOral apixaban only, started next week
2. BCompression stockings and bed rest
3. CSystemic thrombolysis
4. DAn inhaled bronchodilator