उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Which is a common cause of a low potassium level?

1. AAdvanced chronic kidney disease
2. BTaking an ACE inhibitor such as ramipril
3. CAddison's disease
4. DTaking a loop diuretic such as furosemide

Which type of insulin is given intravenously, for example in an insulin infusion?

1. APremixed biphasic insulin
2. BLong-acting insulin glargine
3. CIntermediate-acting NPH (isophane) insulin
4. DSoluble (regular) short-acting insulin

What is the main effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

1. AIt raises blood sodium
2. BIt lowers blood potassium
3. CIt raises blood calcium
4. DIt lowers blood glucose

Which picture fits anterior cord syndrome?

1. ALoss of movement and pain sense, with position sense kept
2. BWeakness on one side and loss of pain sensation on the other side
3. CNormal movement but complete loss of position sense
4. DArms much weaker than legs after a neck injury

Which lifestyle advice best helps a patient with epilepsy reduce their seizures?

1. AAvoid all physical exercise and stay indoors
2. BDrink coffee in the evening to stay alert
3. CKeep regular sleep and take every dose on time
4. DSkip a dose on days without any warning signs

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ARemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
2. BDisconnect the bag regularly to empty it
3. CChange the catheter for a new one every day
4. DKeep the drainage bag above bladder level

A patient with motor neurone disease reports morning headaches, poor sleep and sleepiness during the day. What do these symptoms suggest?

1. AA side effect of riluzole, which should be stopped straight away by the nurse
2. BLow mood, which should be treated with an antidepressant first
3. CNormal tiredness that needs no specific action
4. DWeak breathing at night, so a review for ventilation support

टाइप 1 मधुमेह वाला मरीज़ कल की सर्जरी से पहले मुँह से कुछ नहीं ले रहा (NPO)। कौन-सी योजना सबसे सुरक्षित है?

1. Aइंसुलिन केवल तब देना जब रात में मूत्र कीटोन तेज़ी से पॉज़िटिव हो जाएँ
2. Bग्लूकोज़ जाँच के साथ कुछ इंसुलिन (बेसल या परिवर्तनीय-दर IV इन्फ़्यूज़न) जारी रखना
3. Cसामान्य भोजन-समय का इंसुलिन देना, भले ही कोई भोजन नहीं खाया जाएगा
4. Dमरीज़ के फिर सामान्य रूप से खाने-पीने तक सारा इंसुलिन बंद करना