उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

इंसुलिन एस्पार्ट या लिस्प्रो जैसा तेज़-असरकारी इंसुलिन आमतौर पर कब दिया जाना चाहिए?

1. Aदिन में एक बार, भोजन चाहे जो हो
2. Bसोते समय, बिना कुछ खाए
3. Cभोजन के लगभग दो घंटे बाद
4. Dभोजन से ठीक पहले या भोजन के साथ

Which symptoms are typical of diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

1. APain in the calves that starts when walking
2. BA painful red, hot swollen big toe at night
3. CMorning stiffness of the small hand joints
4. DNumbness, tingling or burning in the feet

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. ASinus arrhythmia
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DFirst-degree heart block

डैपाग्लिफ़्लोज़िन (SGLT2 इनहिबिटर) लेने वाले मरीज़ को उल्टी हो रही है, रक्त कीटोन 4.5 mmol/L हैं पर ग्लूकोज़ केवल 11 mmol/L है। किस पर संदेह होना चाहिए?

1. Aउल्टी के कारण हाइपोग्लाइसीमिया
2. Bहाइपरऑस्मोलर हाइपरग्लाइसेमिक स्टेट
3. Cयूग्लाइसेमिक डायबेटिक कीटोएसिडोसिस
4. Dसामान्य दुष्प्रभाव जिसमें किसी कार्रवाई की आवश्यकता नहीं

A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AIt should be taken on an empty stomach with milk
2. BIt may turn the urine dark yellow or brown
3. CIt turns the tears and sweat bright orange
4. DIt must be taken only once a week

A patient with Graves' eye disease has gritty eyes and swelling around them in the morning. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in bright sunlight to dry the eyes
2. BUse lubricating drops and sleep with the head raised
3. CRub the eyes firmly each morning to reduce the swelling
4. DSmoking more will not affect the eyes

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. AExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand
2. BIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
3. CAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts
4. DTell the patient that crying will slow their recovery

Three days after a stroke, a patient with dysphagia on a modified diet has a temperature of 38.2 °C (100.8 °F), a respiratory rate of 24/min and crackles at the right lung base. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and continue the modified diet as before
2. BSuspect aspiration pneumonia, stop oral intake and escalate for review
3. CRecord the findings and recheck them at the next routine observation
4. DEncourage more fluids by mouth to treat the fever