उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. ASoaked in a hot bath every day
2. BCovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
3. CCleaned with a strong bleach solution
4. DKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

1. ASevere loin pain that spreads to the groin
2. BHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
3. CBlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output
4. DPainful urination, fever and frequency

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight measured with an empty bladder
2. BThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
3. CThe weight of the patient's clothes
4. DThe weight without excess fluid in the body

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
2. BIt contains the patient's urine
3. CIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
4. DIt contains air that keeps the line open

A patient with type 1 diabetes plans a long cycle ride. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ASkip breakfast so the exercise burns body fat
2. BAvoid checking glucose until the ride is over
3. CTake an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin before setting off
4. DCheck glucose before and after, and carry fast-acting carbohydrate

Why are patients with an acute spinal cord injury at high risk of deep vein thrombosis?

1. AThey usually take oestrogen as part of their treatment
2. BThe injury makes the blood too thin to clot properly in the veins
3. CParalysed leg muscles no longer pump blood back to the heart
4. DSpinal injuries always damage the large veins of the legs

A patient with long-standing diabetes suddenly has many new floaters and painless loss of vision in one eye. What is most likely, and what is needed?

1. AA migraine aura, needing pain relief
2. BNormal ageing of the lens, needing new glasses
3. CDry eyes, needing lubricating drops
4. DA bleed into the eye from retinopathy, needing urgent review

हीमोडायलिसिस के मरीज़ों के लिए दवा के समय का कौन-सा मुद्दा महत्वपूर्ण है?

1. Aसभी दवाएँ सत्र से ठीक पहले दी जानी चाहिए
2. Bडायलिसिस कोई दवा नहीं निकालता
3. Cडायलिसिस के दिनों में कोई दवा नहीं ली जा सकती
4. Dडायलिसिस से निकलने वाली दवाएँ सत्र के बाद देनी पड़ सकती हैं