उत्तरों सहित बाल रोग नर्सिंग वर्कशीट

Why do children with long-standing cyanotic heart disease develop a high red blood cell count (polycythaemia)?

1. ABecause of too much iron in the diet
2. BTo compensate for chronic hypoxia
3. CBecause the heart makes red blood cells
4. DBecause the spleen stops working

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
2. BThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear
3. CTheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults
4. DTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes

What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis in a child?

1. AAn inhaled corticosteroid via a spacer
2. BAn oral antihistamine
3. CIM adrenaline (epinephrine)
4. DOral paracetamol (acetaminophen)

A child with type 1 diabetes has a stomach bug and is eating very little. What is the correct advice about insulin?

1. AKeep giving insulin, check glucose and ketones more often and follow the sick-day plan
2. BGive double the usual insulin to prevent ketones
3. CStop all insulin until the child is eating normally again, then restart at the usual dose
4. DGive insulin only if the child is vomiting

Which nursing action is correct for a newborn receiving phototherapy?

1. AStop feeds during phototherapy so that bilirubin falls faster
2. BApply a moisturising lotion to the skin before each session to prevent drying under the lights
3. CCover the eyes, expose as much skin as possible and monitor temperature and hydration
4. DKeep the baby fully dressed under the lights to prevent heat loss

Which advice is best for a baby with mild nappy rash?

1. AWipe with perfumed baby wipes at every change to kill the bacteria on the skin
2. BChange nappies often, clean gently, use a barrier cream and allow nappy-free time
3. CApply talcum powder thickly at every nappy change
4. DUse tighter nappies so that less urine reaches the skin

How should a child who is still drowsy after a tonsillectomy be positioned?

1. ASitting fully upright with the head bent forward on the chest
2. BOn the side or semi-prone, so secretions can drain from the mouth
3. CFlat on the back with the head tilted backwards
4. DProne with the face directly in the pillow

An 18-month-old with gastroenteritis has a heart rate of 170/min, a capillary refill time of 4 seconds and cool hands and feet. Her blood pressure is normal. What does this indicate?

1. ANormal findings in a toddler who is upset
2. BShock is unlikely while the blood pressure is normal
3. CCompensated shock that needs urgent treatment
4. DMild dehydration that only needs a drink