Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ACold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
2. BA high haemoglobin level only
3. CLow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood
4. DNormal findings in older adults

Which description fits stable angina?

1. AChest pain at rest that lasts longer than an hour and keeps returning
2. BChest pain that appears only after heavy meals
3. CChest pain on exertion that eases with rest or nitrates
4. DSharp chest pain that worsens with each breath

Elektrolit mana yang umumnya diturunkan oleh diuretik loop seperti furosemid?

1. ABikarbonat
2. BKalium
3. CZat besi
4. DFosfat

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
2. BA child with a viral sore throat
3. CA tall, thin young man who smokes
4. DA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure

The telemetry monitor suddenly shows a chaotic waveform resembling ventricular fibrillation, but the patient is talking and brushing their teeth. What should the nurse do first?

1. ADeliver an immediate defibrillation shock before checking anything
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and call the arrest team
3. CGive IV amiodarone as a bolus
4. DCheck the patient and the electrodes, as this is likely artefact

What is the purpose of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (a biventricular pacemaker)?

1. ATo make both ventricles contract together and more efficiently
2. BTo replace a damaged heart valve
3. CTo deliver a shock whenever the heart rate exceeds 100/min
4. DTo slow the atrial rate in patients with atrial fibrillation

Seorang pasien yang pulih dari infark miokard cemas untuk kembali ke kehidupan normal. Intervensi mana yang paling mendukung pemulihan?

1. ASaran untuk menghentikan tablet setelah merasa sehat
2. BSaran untuk menghindari semua olahraga secara permanen
3. CRujukan ke rehabilitasi jantung
4. DSaran untuk tirah baring selama tiga bulan

Which instruction from the registered nurse to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) caring for a patient with COPD is most appropriate?

1. A"Tell me straight away if his SpO₂ is under 88% or he is more breathless."
2. B"Turn his oxygen up to whatever he needs if he looks short of breath."
3. C"Listen to his chest after lunch and let me know what you can hear."
4. D"Teach him how to use his new inhaler this afternoon after his rest."