Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. ASmoking tobacco
2. BLack of sleep
3. CA high-salt diet
4. DDrinking coffee

Mengapa pernapasan bibir mencucu (pursed-lip breathing) diajarkan kepada pasien PPOK?

1. AMenjaga saluran napas kecil tetap terbuka saat ekshalasi
2. BMengurangi dorongan untuk batuk pada siang hari
3. CMenguatkan diafragma saat inhalasi
4. DMeningkatkan kandungan oksigen udara yang dihirup

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7,50–7,65
2. B7,35–7,45
3. C6,80–7,00
4. D7,00–7,20

Why is pyridoxine (vitamin B6) often given with isoniazid?

1. ATo prevent gout attacks
2. BTo prevent peripheral neuropathy
3. CTo prevent loss of colour vision
4. DTo prevent orange discolouration of urine

A patient on ramipril is to start sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure. What is the key safety point?

1. AThe ACE inhibitor dose should be doubled during the change
2. BBoth drugs should be taken together each day for the best effect
3. CSacubitril/valsartan is safe to start on the same morning
4. DThe ACE inhibitor must be stopped first, with a gap before starting

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise until chest pain starts, then stop
2. BExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk
3. CExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
4. DExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly

The monitor of a patient with a permanent pacemaker shows pacing spikes, but none of them is followed by a QRS complex. What does this mean?

1. AFailure to capture
2. BFailure to sense
3. CNormal pacemaker function
4. DAtrial fibrillation

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is due to start an anti-TNF biologic drug. Which screening is essential beforehand?

1. AA peak flow diary for a month
2. BAn exercise ECG test on a treadmill
3. CA sweat chloride test
4. DScreening for latent tuberculosis