Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. ALack of sleep
2. BSmoking tobacco
3. CDrinking coffee
4. DA high-salt diet

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ABetween 0,20 and 0,40 seconds
2. BLess than 0,12 seconds
3. CExactly 1 second
4. DMore than 0,50 seconds

Where are AED pads usually placed on an adult?

1. ABoth pads on the back, side by side between the shoulder blades
2. BBoth pads on the abdomen, just below the ribs on either side
3. COn each upper arm
4. DBelow the right collarbone and on the left side below the armpit

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA lung function test
2. BAn exercise ECG
3. CA plain chest X-ray and an ECG
4. DCompression duplex ultrasound

Why must inspired air be humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AHumidification prevents the cuff from deflating
2. BHumidified air contains more oxygen than dry air at the same flow
3. CDry air is needed to stop secretions forming in the trachea
4. DThe nose and upper airway, which warm and moisten air, are bypassed

Why is intravenous furosemide given slowly rather than as a rapid push of a large dose?

1. ARapid doses cause severe constipation
2. BRapid doses cause the potassium level to rise
3. CRapid high doses can damage hearing
4. DSlow injection makes the urine output larger

After an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting that responded to adrenaline (epinephrine), a patient asks to go home immediately. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AGo home and take antihistamines only if the throat swells
2. BStay for observation, then go home with an adrenaline auto-injector and teaching
3. CGo home straight away, because anaphylaxis never recurs once adrenaline has worked
4. DStay in hospital for at least two weeks on daily intravenous antihistamines

Seconds after an intramuscular injection, a patient becomes pale, sweaty and faint, with a heart rate of 48/min. There is no rash, wheeze or swelling, and they recover quickly when laid flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA myocardial infarction
2. BA vasovagal reaction
3. CAnaphylaxis
4. DA tension pneumothorax