Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

1. AA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
2. BWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise
3. CA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
4. DA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. AAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
2. BSinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse
3. CAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate
4. DVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Bagaimana perawat memeriksa defisit nadi pada fibrilasi atrium?

1. ADenyut jantung dibaca dari layar oksimeter nadi
2. BDua orang menghitung nadi apikal dan radial bersamaan selama satu menit
3. CSatu orang menghitung nadi radial selama 15 detik dan mengalikannya empat
4. DSatu orang meraba kedua nadi karotis sekaligus

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
2. BExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests
3. CProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
4. DEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?

1. ADirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
2. BAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
3. CAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
4. DMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month

Seorang pasien yang baru memulai antihipertensi merasa pusing saat bangun dari tempat tidur. Nasihat yang benar apa?

1. ADuduk sejenak di tepi tempat tidur sebelum berdiri
2. BBerdiri dengan cepat agar darah terus bergerak
3. CBerhenti minum tablet tanpa memberi tahu dokter atau perawat
4. DMinum dosis ganda keesokan paginya

A nurse is reviewing four telemetry patients. Which rhythm needs attention first?

1. ASinus bradycardia of 54/min in a patient who is asleep and comfortable
2. BRepeated runs of ventricular tachycardia in a patient who feels dizzy
3. CFirst-degree heart block with a stable blood pressure and no symptoms
4. DRate-controlled atrial fibrillation at 82/min

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea who uses CPAP at home is having surgery. Which plan is safest after the operation?

1. ANurse the patient lying flat on their back to keep the airway open
2. BLeave the CPAP machine at home, as it is not needed while in hospital
3. CUse their CPAP machine and monitor closely, using opioids with caution
4. DGive extra opioids so the patient sleeps through the night