Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AA slow, bounding pulse
2. BA rising heart rate
3. CA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg
4. DFixed, dilated pupils

What is the normal resting respiratory rate for an adult?

1. A12–20 breaths per minute
2. B30–40 breaths per minute
3. C24–30 breaths per minute
4. D6–10 breaths per minute

Berapa rentang target INR yang biasa untuk pasien yang mengonsumsi warfarin untuk fibrilasi atrium?

1. A4,0–5,0
2. B1,0–1,5
3. C0,5–1,0
4. D2,0–3,0

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque
2. BVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DAcute pericarditis

Which investigation is most often used to confirm a pulmonary embolism?

1. APeak flow measurement
2. BAbdominal ultrasound
3. CSputum culture
4. DCT pulmonary angiography

Kombinasi golongan obat mana yang meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup pada gagal jantung dengan fraksi ejeksi menurun?

1. APenghambat ACE atau ARNI, penyekat beta, MRA, dan penghambat SGLT2
2. BDiuretik loop saja pada dosis tertinggi yang dapat ditoleransi
3. COAINS, aspirin, statin, dan diuretik tiazid
4. DDiuretik loop, digoksin, nitrat, dan penghambat kanal kalsium

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is due to start an anti-TNF biologic drug. Which screening is essential beforehand?

1. AScreening for latent tuberculosis
2. BA sweat chloride test
3. CAn exercise ECG test on a treadmill
4. DA peak flow diary for a month

A 74-year-old with atrial fibrillation, hypertension and diabetes asks why she needs an anticoagulant when she feels well. Which reply is best?

1. AIt is given to lower her blood pressure
2. BThe anticoagulant will stop the irregular heartbeat for good
3. CHer risk of stroke is high, and an anticoagulant lowers it
4. DIt is needed only while she has palpitations