Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is atelectasis?

1. AInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus
2. BCollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air
3. CFluid in the space around the lung
4. DNarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle

Berapa rentang aliran yang biasa untuk oksigen melalui kanula hidung standar pada orang dewasa?

1. A10–15 L/menit
2. B1–6 L/menit
3. C20–40 L/menit
4. D0,1–0,2 L/menit

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. ADrinking water
2. BWearing cotton clothes
3. CHouse dust mite
4. DEating rice

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular
2. BAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
3. CProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
4. DExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ANicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended
2. BNicotine replacement only works if smoking continues
3. CNicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
4. DPeople with angina must stop smoking without any help

Which feature of a COPD exacerbation most suggests that antibiotics are needed?

1. AAn increase in purulent (green or yellow) sputum
2. BA dry, tickly cough with no sputum at all for a day
3. CA clear runny nose
4. DA mild sore throat that lasted for one day only

A patient receiving weeks of IV antibiotics through a PICC line in the left arm develops swelling and aching of that arm and neck veins that look fuller on the left. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA local skin allergy to the dressing
2. BLymphoedema from lying in bed
3. CA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
4. DAn expected effect of the antibiotic

Setelah operasi pinggul, seorang pasien tiba-tiba sesak napas dan cemas dengan denyut jantung 124/menit, SpO₂ 86% pada udara ruangan, dan nyeri tajam saat bernapas. Dada terdengar bersih. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat pertama kali?

1. AMemberikan sedatif untuk kecemasan dan memeriksa ulang dalam satu jam
2. BMembaringkan pasien datar dan mengangkat kedua tungkai di atas bantal
3. CMemberikan oksigen, mendudukkan pasien, meminta tinjauan segera, dan tetap mendampingi
4. DMengajak pasien berjalan keliling bangsal untuk memperbaiki pernapasan