Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt slows the breathing rate during sleep
2. BIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight
3. CConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open
4. DIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter

In which situation can a pulse oximeter show a falsely normal reading?

1. ACarbon monoxide poisoning
2. BA warm hand at rest
3. CBreathing room air
4. DA regular pulse of 80/min

What is the normal resting heart rate range for an adult?

1. A60–100 beats per minute
2. B40–60 beats per minute
3. C100–140 beats per minute
4. D30–50 beats per minute

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

1. ALying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
2. BGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
3. CA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
4. DGiving meals while the patient is drowsy

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ASalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
2. BThe order makes no difference to either drug
3. CSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
4. DBoth inhalers puffed together in one breath

Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump
2. BA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer
3. CSpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
4. DOnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is due to start an anti-TNF biologic drug. Which screening is essential beforehand?

1. AAn exercise ECG test on a treadmill
2. BA peak flow diary for a month
3. CA sweat chloride test
4. DScreening for latent tuberculosis

A healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) reports four observations. Which one needs the nurse's attention first?

1. AA patient with heart failure who is newly confused, with SpO₂ 89%
2. BA patient after a PCI asking for a cup of tea
3. CA patient with a DVT whose leg is less swollen today
4. DA patient with COPD whose SpO₂ is 90% on 1 L/min, which is usual for him