Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Finger clubbing is commonly linked with which condition?

1. AHigh blood pressure
2. BMild asthma
3. CBronchiectasis
4. DAcute bronchitis

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AOrange-red colouring of the urine
2. BBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)
3. CHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
4. DA persistent dry, tickly cough

In an adult over 40, an added third heart sound (S3) most often suggests which problem?

1. AA narrowed aortic valve
2. BInflammation of the pericardium
3. CHeart failure with fluid overload
4. DA normal finding of good fitness

Seorang pasien mengalami fibrilasi atrium lebih dari 48 jam dan dijadwalkan untuk kardioversi elektif. Mengapa antikoagulasi diperlukan sebelumnya?

1. AAntikoagulan membuat kejutan listrik kurang menyakitkan
2. BAntikoagulan mengurangi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan untuk kejutan
3. CAntikoagulan mengubah FA kembali ke irama sinus
4. DBekuan atrium dapat terlepas saat irama sinus kembali

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
2. BTake a beta-blocker before exercise
3. CAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
4. DExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways

What is the purpose of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (a biventricular pacemaker)?

1. ATo make both ventricles contract together and more efficiently
2. BTo replace a damaged heart valve
3. CTo deliver a shock whenever the heart rate exceeds 100/min
4. DTo slow the atrial rate in patients with atrial fibrillation

The stump of a recent below-knee amputation suddenly bleeds heavily through the dressing. What should the nurse do first?

1. ARemove all the dressings and wait for the bleeding to stop by itself
2. BApply firm direct pressure and call for urgent surgical help
3. CApply a warm compress to the stump
4. DEncourage the patient to walk on crutches to ease the pressure

Thirty minutes after extubation, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in and is anxious. SpO₂ is falling. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to sleep it off and recheck them in an hour
2. BGive a large drink of cold water to soothe the throat and settle it
3. CSit the patient up, give oxygen and call for urgent airway help
4. DLay the patient flat and reassure them