Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What does the term "hypoxaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin in the blood
2. BA high level of carbon dioxide in the blood
3. CA fast breathing rate with normal oxygen
4. DA low level of oxygen in the arterial blood

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ABreathlessness on lying flat
2. BA pause or stop in breathing
3. CA breathing rate above normal
4. DCoughing up blood

Nasihat mana yang harus diberikan kepada pasien yang mengonsumsi antikoagulan?

1. AMenghindari semua sayuran hijau mulai sekarang
2. BMelewatkan dosis setiap kali muncul memar kecil
3. CMengonsumsi ibuprofen, bukan parasetamol, untuk nyeri apa pun
4. DMenggunakan sikat gigi lembut dan melaporkan perdarahan yang tidak biasa

Seorang pasien dengan stroke baru dan kesulitan menelan mengalami demam dan krepitasi lobus bawah kanan. Apa penyebab yang paling mungkin?

1. AGagal ventrikel kiri
2. BPneumonia aspirasi
3. CAsma akut
4. DEmboli paru

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
2. BIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
3. CIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
4. DIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack

Which finding shows that long-standing hypertension has caused target organ damage?

1. AClear lung fields on the chest X-ray
2. BA normal fasting glucose
3. CA heart rate of 72/min
4. DLeft ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

1. AA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk
2. BA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night
3. CA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38,2 °C
4. DA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min

Pendekatan pelepasan drainase dada mana yang umum diajarkan?

1. AMelepasnya perlahan sementara pasien menarik napas dalam yang panjang
2. BMelepasnya dan membiarkan lokasi terbuka mengalir selama sehari
3. CMelepasnya dengan hisapan masih berjalan penuh
4. DMelepasnya saat napas ditahan atau ekspirasi, lalu menutup lokasi