Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which pain description is typical of an acute aortic dissection?

1. ASudden, severe tearing pain that spreads to the back
2. BDull ache that slowly builds over several days
3. CCramping calf pain that eases with a short rest
4. DBurning pain after meals that eases with antacids

Which symptom should a patient taking a statin report promptly?

1. AUnexplained muscle pain or weakness
2. BSlightly darker morning urine
3. CA brief headache on the first day
4. DMild hunger before meals

Pemeriksaan darah mana yang digunakan untuk memantau terapi warfarin?

1. AKadar anti-Xa
2. BWaktu tromboplastin parsial teraktivasi
3. CJumlah trombosit
4. DINR (international normalised ratio)

What is the main difference between CPAP and bilevel NIV (often called BiPAP)?

1. ABilevel NIV gives oxygen only, without any positive airway pressure
2. BCPAP is mainly used to lower a raised PaCO₂ in COPD exacerbations
3. CCPAP is given only through a tracheostomy
4. DBilevel NIV adds a higher inspiratory pressure, helping remove CO₂

Skor keparahan pneumonia mana yang menggunakan kebingungan, urea, laju napas, tekanan darah, dan usia?

1. ANEWS2
2. BCHA₂DS₂-VASc
3. CCURB-65
4. DSkor Wells

A patient has pneumonia in the right lung only. In which side-lying position will oxygenation usually be best?

1. ALying on the left side, with the healthy lung down
2. BLying on the right side, with the affected lung down
3. CFlat on the back with no pillows
4. DProne with the head down

Seorang pasien yang mengonsumsi apiksaban untuk fibrilasi atrium dijadwalkan operasi elektif. Pernyataan mana yang mencerminkan praktik yang benar?

1. ADihentikan lalu dibalikkan dengan vitamin K oral
2. BDijeda selama waktu tertentu, berdasarkan risiko perdarahan dan fungsi ginjal
3. CDihentikan dua minggu sebelum operasi dan diganti dengan warfarin
4. DSelalu dilanjutkan hingga pagi hari operasi

Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
2. BGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow
3. CReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools
4. DCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count