Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which group of symptoms suggests obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AFever, cough and rust-coloured sputum
2. BWheeze, cough and itchy eyes that come on after exercise
3. CNight sweats, weight loss and a cough lasting several weeks
4. DLoud snoring, pauses in breathing and daytime sleepiness

Kelompok tanda mana yang menunjukkan retensi karbon dioksida (hiperkapnia)?

1. AKulit pucat, dingin, lembap dengan nadi lemah seperti benang
2. BMengantuk, sakit kepala, kulit memerah, dan nadi kuat
3. CJari dan bibir kesemutan setelah bernapas cepat
4. DPupil sangat kecil dengan denyut jantung sangat lambat

What does "hypovolaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin with a normal blood volume
2. BA low level of sodium in the blood
3. CA high level of fluid in the tissues
4. DA reduced volume of blood in the circulation

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ANicotine replacement only works if smoking continues
2. BPeople with angina must stop smoking without any help
3. CNicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
4. DNicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. ACompression duplex ultrasound
2. BA lung function test
3. CAn exercise ECG
4. DA plain chest X-ray and an ECG

Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?

1. AHypovolaemic shock
2. BObstructive shock
3. CCardiogenic shock
4. DDistributive shock

An older patient with three rib fractures is breathing shallowly and refuses to cough because of pain. What is the priority intervention?

1. AStrap the chest tightly with bandages to stop the ribs moving
2. BWithhold analgesia to avoid depressing breathing
3. CEffective analgesia so they can breathe deeply and cough
4. DKeep the patient flat and still in bed until the pain settles

A patient with heart failure wakes extremely breathless, coughing pink frothy sputum. BP is 168/96 mmHg and SpO₂ 86%. Help has been called. What is the best initial nursing action?

1. ASit the patient upright with the legs down and give oxygen
2. BEncourage the patient to walk to ease the breathing
3. CLie the patient flat with the legs raised on pillows
4. DGive a large IV fluid bolus to support the circulation