Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Pemeriksaan darah mana yang paling spesifik untuk kerusakan otot jantung?

1. ALaktat dehidrogenase
2. BKreatin kinase (total)
3. CProtein C-reaktif
4. DTroponin jantung

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 5 litres
2. BAbout 1,5 litres
3. CAbout 50 mL
4. DAbout 500 mL

Bagaimana perawat memeriksa defisit nadi pada fibrilasi atrium?

1. ASatu orang meraba kedua nadi karotis sekaligus
2. BDenyut jantung dibaca dari layar oksimeter nadi
3. CDua orang menghitung nadi apikal dan radial bersamaan selama satu menit
4. DSatu orang menghitung nadi radial selama 15 detik dan mengalikannya empat

A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?

1. AUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles
2. BApply tight jewellery to the left wrist
3. CAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible
4. DKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day

Mengapa nitrat digunakan dengan sangat hati-hati pada infark ventrikel kanan?

1. ANitrat tidak diserap bila ventrikel kanan terkena
2. BNitrat menyebabkan hiperkalemia berbahaya pada jenis infark ini
3. CNitrat membuat infark meluas ke ventrikel kiri
4. DVentrikel kanan bergantung pada preload, sehingga tekanan darah dapat turun tajam

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. AThe patient sitting upright in a chair
2. BA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute
3. CThe patient having eaten recently
4. DCold hands with poor peripheral circulation

Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AA vagal response to straining
2. BLow blood glucose from fasting
3. CA new pulmonary embolism
4. DAn allergic reaction to the commode

A patient declines enoxaparin for VTE prevention because it is made from pork, which conflicts with their beliefs. What is the best response?

1. ARespect the decision, inform the prescriber and discuss non-animal options
2. BTell the patient that refusal means they cannot have surgery
3. CGive the injection anyway without explaining what the medicine is made from
4. DDocument the refusal in the notes and take no further action at all