Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Kapan sampel dahak untuk kultur idealnya diambil pada dugaan pneumonia?

1. AKapan saja, karena antibiotik tidak memengaruhi kultur
2. BSebelum dosis antibiotik pertama, tanpa menunda pemberiannya
3. CHanya bila tidak ada perbaikan setelah seminggu
4. DSetelah tiga hari pengobatan antibiotik

Where in the kidney does furosemide mainly act?

1. AThe glomerulus
2. BThe loop of Henle
3. CThe collecting duct only
4. DThe renal artery

Which finding on abdominal examination suggests an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

1. AA tender lump in the right iliac fossa
2. BA dull area that shifts when the patient turns
3. CLoud, high-pitched bowel sounds
4. DA pulsating mass around the umbilicus

A peripheral cannula site is red, warm, tender and swollen along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave it in place, as this is normal after 24 hours
2. BRemove the cannula, document and monitor the site
3. CCover the site and keep using it until it blocks
4. DFlush the cannula hard to clear it

A patient on ramipril is to start sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure. What is the key safety point?

1. ABoth drugs should be taken together each day for the best effect
2. BThe ACE inhibitor dose should be doubled during the change
3. CThe ACE inhibitor must be stopped first, with a gap before starting
4. DSacubitril/valsartan is safe to start on the same morning

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
2. BExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
3. CTake a beta-blocker before exercise
4. DAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure who takes ramipril and spironolactone. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will avoid ibuprofen for my joint pain."
2. B"I will weigh myself every morning after I go to the toilet."
3. C"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
4. D"I will call if I gain weight quickly or get more breathless."

Seorang pasien fibrilasi atrium memiliki denyut jantung 165/menit, TD 78/45 mmHg, nyeri dada, dan kebingungan baru. Pengobatan apa yang harus diantisipasi perawat?

1. ADefibrilasi tak tersinkronisasi seperti pada henti jantung
2. BAtropin IV untuk memperbaiki tekanan darah
3. CBisoprolol oral dan kontrol besok pagi
4. DKardioversi listrik tersinkronisasi segera