Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the main risk factor for lung cancer?

1. ALow blood pressure
2. BCigarette smoking
3. CA high-protein diet
4. DDrinking coffee

How is cystic fibrosis inherited?

1. AIt is not inherited
2. BX-linked recessive
3. CAutosomal dominant
4. DAutosomal recessive

What is the role of cilia in the airways?

1. AThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open
2. BThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
3. CThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
4. DThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood

Nasihat mana yang membantu mencegah TVD selama penerbangan panjang atau setelah operasi?

1. AMemakai pita elastis ketat tepat di bawah lutut
2. BMelakukan latihan pergelangan kaki secara teratur dan minum cairan yang cukup
3. CDuduk dengan tungkai disilangkan agar nyaman
4. DMinum lebih sedikit agar tidak perlu bangun ke toilet

Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. ASpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
2. BA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump
3. COnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems
4. DA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
2. BThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver
3. CThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
4. DThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma

An older patient's varicose vein bursts at the ankle and bleeds heavily. What is the most effective first aid?

1. ALie the patient down, raise the leg and press firmly on the site
2. BKeep the leg hanging down over the bed
3. CStand the patient up so the blood flows away and clots faster
4. DApply a hot compress to the leg to help the vein close up

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour
2. BChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
3. CDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
4. DSilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas