Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

1. AThe venae cavae
2. BThe pulmonary veins
3. CThe pulmonary arteries
4. DThe coronary sinus

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AA persistent dry, tickly cough
2. BOrange-red colouring of the urine
3. CHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
4. DBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)

What is bronchiectasis?

1. AA tumour of the main bronchus
2. BDestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
3. CPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
4. DA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
2. BIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility
3. CIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
4. DIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
2. BLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
3. CPotassium has no link with either medicine
4. DHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
2. BTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening
3. CBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
4. DTake the average of ten blows after exercise

Satu jam setelah operasi jantung, drain dada mediastinum telah mengalirkan 350 mL darah merah terang dan denyut jantung meningkat. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMencatat volume dan melanjutkan pemeriksaan setiap jam
2. BMengklem drain untuk menghentikan kehilangan darah lebih lanjut
3. CMemerah selang dengan keras setiap lima menit
4. DSegera melaporkannya kepada tim bedah

An adult inhales a peanut while laughing and now has a persistent cough and wheeze on one side. Where is the peanut most likely to have lodged?

1. AThe left main bronchus
2. BThe oesophagus
3. CThe right main bronchus
4. DThe nasal cavity