Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Amlodipine belongs to which drug class?

1. ACardioselective beta-blockers
2. BAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
3. CCalcium channel blockers
4. DLoop diuretics

Temuan mana yang khas untuk trombosis vena dalam di tungkai?

1. APembengkakan betis satu sisi, hangat, dan nyeri tekan
2. BKedua kaki dingin, pucat, dan tanpa nadi
3. CNoda cokelat pada kulit di sekitar kedua pergelangan kaki
4. DNyeri betis saat berjalan yang mereda dalam hitungan menit saat istirahat

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 500 mL
2. BAbout 1,5 litres
3. CAbout 50 mL
4. DAbout 5 litres

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility
2. BIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart
3. CIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
4. DIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
2. BExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk
3. CExercise until chest pain starts, then stop
4. DExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

1. AA sharply defined red patch with fever
2. BA cold, white foot with no pulse
3. CPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses
4. DBrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin

A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAortic stenosis
2. BDeep vein thrombosis
3. CLeft ventricular failure
4. DCor pulmonale

Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. ALow blood glucose from fasting
2. BA new pulmonary embolism
3. CA vagal response to straining
4. DAn allergic reaction to the commode