Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Apa komplikasi paling serius dari trombosis vena dalam?

1. APembengkakan tungkai pasca-trombotik
2. BTromboflebitis superfisial
3. CEmboli paru
4. DVarises

Posisi mana yang biasanya membantu pasien dengan eksaserbasi akut PPOK bernapas lebih mudah?

1. ADuduk tegak, condong ke depan dengan lengan ditopang
2. BBerbaring telentang datar dengan kedua tungkai diangkat di atas bantal
3. CBerbaring tengkurap di kasur yang keras
4. DBerbaring miring dengan kepala lebih rendah

In a healthy person, what is the main chemical stimulus for breathing?

1. AA rising level of carbon dioxide in the blood
2. BA rising level of oxygen in the blood
3. CA falling level of potassium in the blood
4. DA falling level of glucose in the blood after fasting

Sebelum terapi kompresi diterapkan untuk ulkus vena pada tungkai, pengkajian mana yang esensial?

1. AHitung darah lengkap dan CRP
2. BIndeks tekanan pergelangan kaki–lengan (ABPI)
3. CRontgen dada dan EKG
4. DSwab luka untuk kultur dan sensitivitas

A patient choosing between a mechanical and a biological heart valve asks about the main difference. Which answer is accurate?

1. ABoth types need no medicines after surgery
2. BMechanical valves last longer but need lifelong anticoagulation
3. CMechanical valves wear out within one year
4. DBiological valves last longer but need lifelong warfarin

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility
2. BIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
3. CIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
4. DIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart

Sebelum dosis digoksin pagi, nadi apikal pasien 54/menit dan ia merasa mual. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMemberikan dosis dan antiemetik, lalu memeriksa nadi lagi besok
2. BMenahan dosis dan melaporkannya, karena toksisitas mungkin terjadi
3. CMemberikan dosis, karena hanya nadi radial yang dihitung
4. DMemberikan setengah dosis dan memeriksa nadi lagi dalam satu jam

A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys
2. BAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
3. CAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney
4. DBack pain causing kidney damage