Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
2. BIt divides the trachea into two bronchi
3. CIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
4. DIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing

Berapa rentang target INR yang biasa untuk pasien yang mengonsumsi warfarin untuk fibrilasi atrium?

1. A4,0–5,0
2. B2,0–3,0
3. C1,0–1,5
4. D0,5–1,0

Which coronary artery mainly supplies the front (anterior) wall of the left ventricle?

1. AThe pulmonary artery
2. BThe right coronary artery and its marginal branch
3. CThe left anterior descending artery
4. DThe circumflex artery only

Before the first treatment dose of a low-molecular-weight heparin for a PE, what does the nurse need to make sure of?

1. AThe patient's blood glucose is above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)
2. BThe patient has fasted for 12 hours
3. CAn accurate, recent body weight is recorded
4. DA chest drain is in place

Seorang pasien yang baru memulai antihipertensi merasa pusing saat bangun dari tempat tidur. Nasihat yang benar apa?

1. AMinum dosis ganda keesokan paginya
2. BBerhenti minum tablet tanpa memberi tahu dokter atau perawat
3. CDuduk sejenak di tepi tempat tidur sebelum berdiri
4. DBerdiri dengan cepat agar darah terus bergerak

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. ASlowly and gently over about ten seconds
2. BQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device
3. CSeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths
4. DThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth

A patient with a COPD exacerbation has been on NIV for two hours. They are now more drowsy, and the pH has fallen further despite a good mask fit. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a sedative to help the patient tolerate the mask
2. BContinue NIV unchanged and repeat the blood gas tomorrow morning
3. CEscalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
4. DRemove the mask and give nebulised bronchodilators only from now on

Seorang pasien fibrilasi atrium memiliki denyut jantung 165/menit, TD 78/45 mmHg, nyeri dada, dan kebingungan baru. Pengobatan apa yang harus diantisipasi perawat?

1. ABisoprolol oral dan kontrol besok pagi
2. BDefibrilasi tak tersinkronisasi seperti pada henti jantung
3. CAtropin IV untuk memperbaiki tekanan darah
4. DKardioversi listrik tersinkronisasi segera